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In the 1840s the Voortrekkers, under the leadership of Andries Potgieter, established a town named Zoutpansbergdorp. Due to clashes with the local tribes this settlement had to be abandoned. A new town was founded in 1886 and named Pietersburg in honour of the Voortrekker leader Petrus Jacobus Joubert. The British built a concentration camp here during the Anglo Boer War to accommodate approximately 4000 Boer women and children. The town became a city on 23 April 1992 and changed its name to Polokwane on 11 June 2003.
